The main differences between the social security base of 6,400 yuan and 5,000 yuan in Tongling, Anhui are as follows:

1. Payment amount:

• Employee contribution: The social security payment amount is calculated as the social security base multiplied by the payment ratio. Taking common insurance types as an example, if the contribution ratio of pension insurance for employees is 8%, for a base of 6,400 yuan, the monthly pension insurance contribution by the employee is ​
  ×8%=
  yuan; for a base of 5,000 yuan, the monthly contribution is ​
  ×8%=
  yuan. Similarly, for medical insurance, if the employee contribution ratio is 2%, with a base of 6,400 yuan, the employee pays ​
  ×2%=
  yuan per month, and with a base of 5,000 yuan, it is ​
  ×2%=
  yuan per month.

• Unit contribution: The unit also has corresponding contribution ratios for various insurances. For example, if the unit's contribution ratio for pension insurance is 16%, when the base is 6,400 yuan, the unit's monthly pension insurance contribution is ​
  ×16%=
  yuan; when the base is 5,000 yuan, it is ​
  ×16%=
  yuan.

2. Personal account accumulation:

• Pension insurance: In pension insurance, part of the employee's contribution is deposited into the personal account. With a higher base of 6,400 yuan, more funds are deposited into the personal account each month. Assuming a long - term payment period, the total amount accumulated in the personal account will be significantly more than that with a base of 5,000 yuan. For example, over 30 years of payment, the difference in personal account accumulation can be very large, which has an important impact on the amount of pension received after retirement.

• Medical insurance: In some areas, a portion of the medical insurance contribution is also returned to the individual's medical insurance personal account for use in purchasing medicines and paying for outpatient services. A higher base means more money is returned to the personal account. For instance, if the return ratio to the personal account is 30% of the employee's contribution, with a base of 6,400 yuan, the monthly return to the medical insurance personal account is ​
  ×30%=38.4
  yuan; with a base of 5,000 yuan, it is ​
  ×30%=
  yuan.

3. Pension treatment after retirement:

• Basic pension: The calculation of the basic pension is related to factors such as the average wage of local employees in the previous year, the average contribution index of individuals, and the contribution period. A higher contribution base (such as 6,400 yuan compared to 5,000 yuan) will increase the average contribution index of individuals. Under the same contribution period and other conditions remaining the same, the calculated basic pension will be higher. The formula for calculating the basic pension is: Basic pension = (Average wage of local employees in the previous year + My average contribution wage) ​
  ÷
  2 ​
  ×
  Contribution period ​
  ×
  1%. A higher base makes the value of "My average contribution wage" larger, thus increasing the overall basic pension amount.

• Personal account pension: As mentioned above, a higher contribution base leads to more personal account accumulation. The formula for calculating personal account pension is: Personal account pension = Total amount in personal account ​
  ÷
  计发月数. With more money in the personal account due to a higher base, the personal account pension received each month after retirement will also be higher.

In general, choosing a higher social security base of 6,400 yuan means paying more social security contributions during the working period, but it also brings the benefits of more personal account accumulation and higher pension treatment after retirement. However, individuals need to comprehensively consider their own economic situation when choosing the social security base.